Koh Tao is located on the eastern coast of Surat Thani province, with two neighbouring islands, Koh Phangan and Koh Samui. It is officially a sub-district of Koh Phangan district in Surat Thani province. Its name means "turtle island" because turtles once lived here. The shape of the island resembles a turtle when viewed from Koh Phangan.
The natural beauty of the island both above and below the water, with its splendid coral reefs and abundant underwater life in clear, warm waters, attracts thousands of visitors every year and makes it an unforgettable destination for adventurers and travellers alike. This, coupled with the relaxed atmosphere and lifestyle, has attracted people for over 35 years and the island has become a second home for many. Koh Tao has undergone many developments and is now, with its thriving diving industry, one of the largest training centres for this underwater activity.